skeleton
• in vitro, bone formation of immature osteoblasts from calvaria bones is increased compared to that of wild-type cells
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• between 1 and 12 months of age, mice exhibit an age-dependent increased bone mass as determined by increased bone mineral density and increased ratio of bone volume to tissue volume compared to in wild-type mice
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• markers of bone formation are increased in the serum and urine, and mineralized bone nodules are increased in number and size compared to in wild-type mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• despite increased bone volume, mice exhibit normal serum levels of parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus
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cellular
• in vitro, bone formation of immature osteoblasts from calvaria bones is increased compared to that of wild-type cells
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