homeostasis/metabolism
• female mice exhibit slightly reduced glucagons release in response to low (18%) and high-glucose (12%) compared to in wild-type mice
• however, male mice exhibit normal glucagons secretion in response to glucose stimulation
• PGE2-treated islet cells fail to exhibit decreased glucagons in response to glucose stimulation unlike wild-type cells
|
• in response to low and high glucose levels, female mice exhibit a 35% and 57%, respectively, decrease in insulin release compared to similarly treated wild-type mice
• however, the fold stimulation by glucose, tolbutamide and high potassium ion is normal
• ovariectomized female mice failed to exhibit an increase in pancreatic insulin content unlike similarly treated wild-type mice
• treatment of ovariectomized female mice with PGE2 fail to increase pancreatic insulin content unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
• PGE2-treated islet cells fails to increases insulin release in response to glucose stimulation unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells
|
• 13% in female mice at 6 months of age
|
• female mice exhibit depressed glucagons levels 10 minutes after glucose challenge compared to wild-type mice
|
• in female mice, but not in male mice, at 6 months of age
|
• female mice exhibit diminished first-phase insulin response to glucose challenge compared to similarly treated wild-type mice
• however, male mice exhibit normal glucose tolerance
|
• normal insulin and glucagon response to PGE2 is abolished
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• female mice exhibit slightly reduced glucagons release in response to low (18%) and high-glucose (12%) compared to in wild-type mice
• however, male mice exhibit normal glucagons secretion in response to glucose stimulation
• PGE2-treated islet cells fail to exhibit decreased glucagons in response to glucose stimulation unlike wild-type cells
|
• in response to low and high glucose levels, female mice exhibit a 35% and 57%, respectively, decrease in insulin release compared to similarly treated wild-type mice
• however, the fold stimulation by glucose, tolbutamide and high potassium ion is normal
• ovariectomized female mice failed to exhibit an increase in pancreatic insulin content unlike similarly treated wild-type mice
• treatment of ovariectomized female mice with PGE2 fail to increase pancreatic insulin content unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice
• PGE2-treated islet cells fails to increases insulin release in response to glucose stimulation unlike in similarly treated wild-type cells
|
growth/size/body
• in female mice only
|
• in female mice only
|
cardiovascular system
• at 9 months, the lumen circumference of resistance arteries is reduced 23% and media to lumen ratio is increased 45% compared to in wild-type mice
• however, mice exhibit normal thoracic arteries dimensions and media thickness
|
• at 9 months, female mice exhibit a 23% elevation in mean arterial blood pressure compared to in wild-type mice
|
limbs/digits/tail
short femur
(
J:146345
)
• in female mice only
|
skeleton
short femur
(
J:146345
)
• in female mice only
|