mortality/aging
• fewer than expected mice are present at birth
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cellular
• centrosomal overduplication in mouse embryonic fibroblasts that gradually diminishes over successive passages
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• mouse embryonic fibroblasts escape contact inhibition 5 days after the confluent stage and pile up after 12 days unlike wild-type mice
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• mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibit chromosomal misalignment, multipolar spindle formation, chromosomal bridging and cytokinesis failure unlike wild-type cells
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• multipolar spindle formation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts
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• mouse embryonic fibroblasts grown on nanoculture plates or 3D collagen gels exhibit accelerated growth and spheroid formation compared with wild-type cells
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growth/size/body
• until 4 weeks after birth
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neoplasm
• mouse embryonic fibroblasts injected into nude mice produce tumors that grow slower than ordinary epithelial cancer cells unlike wild-type cells
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