renal/urinary system
• nephron development is mildly disrupted
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Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Tg(Six2-EGFP/cre)1Amc transgene insertion 1, Andrew P McMahon MGI:3845228 |
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Summary |
16 genotypes
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• nephron development is mildly disrupted
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increased apoptosis of cortical and central mesenchymal and epithelial cells
• normal apoptosis of stromal cells
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• increase in stromal tissue in newborns
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• cystic dilation of renal tubules in newborns
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• no mature glomeruli in E18.5 embryos and in newborns
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• reduced number of glomeruli in E16.5 embryos
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• reduced number of S-shaped bodies in E13.5 embryos with further reduction at E16.5
• immature comma- and S-shaped bodies in E16.5 embryos
• no mature glomeruli in E18.5 embryos and in newborns
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• thin and discontinuous cortical nephrogenic zone
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• smaller kidneys with reduced tubular structures in newborns
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• cystic dilation in newborns
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• at least one absent kidney in 36% of E16.5 embryos, both absent in 6.5%
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• early perinatal mortality: no offspring beyond weaning stage
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• increased apoptosis of cortical and central mesenchymal and epithelial cells
• normal apoptosis of stromal cells
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• smaller milk spot in newborns
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• in newborns
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• causing death within hours of birth
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• causing death within hours of birth
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• cystic dilation of renal tubules in newborns
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• causing death within hours of birth
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• gasping in newborns
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice develop cystic kidneys when transgene expression is induced with doxycycline early in embryonic development or in adult mice
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• mice develop cystic kidneys when transgene expression is induced with doxycycline early in embryonic development or in adult mice
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice develop cystic kidneys
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• mice develop cystic kidneys
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increased apoptosis of epithelial cells and in nephrogenic zone
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• severe growth retardation
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• extensive protein deposits in kidney tubules by age P28
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• increased apoptosis of epithelial cells and in nephrogenic zone
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• extensive protein deposits in kidney tubules by age P28
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• increasing with age
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• reduced and patchy Six2, absent Sited1 and early loss of Wt1 expression in E16.5 embryos
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• smaller kidneys
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• severely impaired tubular maturation
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• at least one absent kidney in 23% of E16.5 embryos, both absent in 1.8%
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N |
• viable; survive from 38 to 283 days
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• nephron number is severely compromised, but some podocytes form
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• nephron development appears essentially normal
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
N |
• nephron development appears essentially normal
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• podocytes are almost entirely absent; one allele of Dll1 cannot support podocyte production
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• increase in urinary albumin excretion
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• focal glomerulosclerosis
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• kidney weight is reduced at 2 months of age
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• increase in urinary albumin excretion
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice die within 48 hours of birth
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• kidneys have many cysts in the cortex and outer medulla at P0
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• thin kidney cortex at P0
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• kidneys have many cysts in the cortex and outer medulla at P0
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• decreased nephrogenesis, with premature depletion of the progenitor cell population within the cap mesenchyme
• the cap mesenchyme shows fewer proliferating cells, however apoptosis is no different from controls
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• marker analysis shows reduced inductive and differentiation response within the metanephric mesenchyme
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• kidneys lack a well-defined nephrogenic zone at P0
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• kidneys are reduced in size at E13.5 and in newborns
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• kidney weight is lower in newborns
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• nephron structure volume compared to total kidney volume is reduced at E12.5
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• in newborns
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• developing glomeruli volume and average size are reduced at E12.5
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• nascent nephrons reach the renal vesicle stage but do not develop beyond
• kidneys show less developed epithelial structures at E13.5, with embryos having few vesicles and comma-shaped nephron structures
• all stages of nephron development are reduced at P0 and marker analysis shows that nephron induction and specification of proximal nephron segments are impaired at birth
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• the number of S-shaped bodies is reduced at E12.5
• however, renal vesicle number is not different at E12.5
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• the number of comma-shaped bodies is reduced at E12.5
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• decrease in the number of nephrons at P0
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• ureteric bud branching is reduced at E13.5
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• kidneys have many cysts in the cortex and outer medulla at P0
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• kidneys have many cysts in the cortex and outer medulla at P0
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• at 2-4 months of age, mice exhibit normal kidney morphology with no alterations in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels relative to controls, indicating normal kidney function
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• mice develop severe interstitial renal fibrosis with aging, as seen in patients with Scalp-Ear-Nipple (SEN) syndrome
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• mice show a terminal differentiation defect in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
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• at 3 months of age, mice show abnormal and dilated distal nephron segments in the kidney cortex
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• adult mice exhibit a distal nephron defect resulting in impaired renal function
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• mice exhibit elevated BUN at 2-4 months of age
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
scalp-ear-nipple syndrome | DOID:0111550 |
OMIM:181270 |
J:344153 |
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♀ | phenotype observed in females |
♂ | phenotype observed in males |
N | normal phenotype |
• in untreated animals and in mice subjected to unilateral nephrectomy and deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt treatment
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• reduced serum magnesium level
• normal urine and fecal magnesium level
• normal serum and urine calcium, sodium and potassium levels
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N |
• no gross abnormalities
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N |
• viable
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 11/12/2024 MGI 6.24 |
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