growth/size/body
• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 40% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 40% compared to controls
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• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 41% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 129% compared to controls
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• mice on a high fat diet significantly increase their lean body mass compared to diet-matched controls
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• body length of mice on a high fat diet is significantly longer than controls
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• starting at 8 weeks of age, mice gain weight on a chow diet at a slightly higher rate than controls so that they are 4% heavier at 18 weeks of age
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• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 28% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 47% compared to controls
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• weight of liver in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 75% compared to controls
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• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 38% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 62% compared to controls
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homeostasis/metabolism
• insulin levels are significantly increased in fasted or fed mice, on either a chow or high-fat diet
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• IGF-1 serum levels are significantly increased on either a chow (21%) or a high fat diet (58%)
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• cholesterol levels are increased by almost 70% in mice fed a chow diet
• cholesterol levels are similar to controls when fed a high fat diet
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• mice are glucose tolerant on a chow diet despite being hyperinsulinemic
• mice have improved glucose tolerance on a high fat diet relative to controls
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• mice are slightly insulin resistance
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• adiponectin levels are decreased about 30% on either a chow or high fat diet
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adipose tissue
• epididymal fat pad is increased by 30% on a high fat diet compared to diet-matched controls
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endocrine/exocrine glands
• pancreatic islet cells are at least 2-fold larger than controls with beta cells weighing twice as much as controls
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• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 41% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 129% compared to controls
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cardiovascular system
• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 40% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 40% compared to controls
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hematopoietic system
• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 38% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 62% compared to controls
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immune system
• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 38% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 62% compared to controls
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liver/biliary system
• weight of liver in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 75% compared to controls
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• mice fed a high fat diet have more advanced steatosis than diet-matched controls
• the liver is larger and contains enlarged lipid droplets
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renal/urinary system
• weight of organ in mice fed a chow diet is increased by 28% compared to controls
• weight of organ in mice fed a high fat diet is increased by 47% compared to controls
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skeleton
• there is a 15% increase in bone mineral content compared to controls
• bone density is normal indicating the skeleton is larger than controls
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