immune system
• increase in the percentage of granulocytes in females
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• decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes in females
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• increase in the percentage of monocytes in females
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• clinical scores at 17-26 days post immunization are worse than wild-type controls
• symptoms are associated with increased TNF levels in the dorsal hippocampus and spinal cord at 26 days post immunization
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• following cecal ligation and puncture to induce sepsis, surviving mice show increased travel distances and average speeds compared to surviving wild-type controls
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• following cecal ligation and puncture to induce sepsis, mortality is reduced to 30% in homozygous mice compared to 50% in wild type controls
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behavior/neurological
N |
• no alterations in performance in a Barnes maze or novel object recognition test
• locomotor activity and rearing behavior in an open field are similar to controls and no alterations in anxiety related behavior are seen in an elevated plus maze
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• reduced latency to step down in a passive avoidance assay
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• display slightly greater latency to first immobility episode and greater immobility periods on the second day of forced swim test experiments
• in a tail suspension test, mice display immobility postures that last longer than in wild-type controls
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• while basal latency to withdrawal is similar to wild-type controls, following intraplantar injection of bradykinin latency of withdrawal is significantly lower in homozygous mice compare to wild-type controls
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nervous system
• turnover ratios of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid/serotonin, HVA/dopamine, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacteic acid+homovanillic acid/dopamine are lower in the striatum compared to wild-type controls
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• impaired prepulse inhibition after presentation of an 80 dB prepulse, but not after 75 or 85 dB prepulses
• treatment with clozapine restored the prepulse inhibition at 80dB and enhanced the prepulse inhibition at 85 dB
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homeostasis/metabolism
• prolonged bleeding following small surgical procedures
• however, clotting time, clotting formation time, maximum clotting firmness, and maximum lysis are all similar to controls
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hematopoietic system
• increase in the percentage of granulocytes in females
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• decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes in females
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• increase in the percentage of monocytes in females
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mortality/aging
• following cecal ligation and puncture to induce sepsis, mortality is reduced to 30% in homozygous mice compared to 50% in wild type controls
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