growth/size/body
immune system
• hepatic inflammation, characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells in which lymphocytes infiltrate, gather, and interface among liver lobules regardless of fat accumulation
• hepatitis is likely to be independent of steatohepatitis progression
|
liver/biliary system
• hepatic inflammation, characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells in which lymphocytes infiltrate, gather, and interface among liver lobules regardless of fat accumulation
• hepatitis is likely to be independent of steatohepatitis progression
|
• liver of obese aged mice develops simple steatosis and/or hepatic inflammation to varying degrees indicating the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
|
• hepatocytes are enlarged and distended by large single or multiple well-defined droplets of fat
|
• accumulation of lipids in the liver
• mice injected with tunicamycin in the liver at 6 months of age to induce acute ER stress show greater steatosis in the entire liver compared to local and partial areas of steatosis in wild-type mice
• mice injected with tunicamycin in the liver at 11 days of age exhibit persistent steatosis and progression of fibrosis while wild-type mice recover fully
|
• 6 of 25 mice develop liver tumors; aged mice have dysplastic foci but no tumors in other organs
|
• irregular distribution of collagen fibers in the liver, indicative of liver injury and fibrosis
• 2 of 6 mice with liver tumors have severe fibrosis in another liver lobe distant from the tumor region
|
neoplasm
• 6 of 25 mice develop liver tumors; aged mice have dysplastic foci but no tumors in other organs
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• MEFs are more sensitive to tunicamycin treatment, showing reduced survival rate compared to wild-type MEFs
• mice injected with tunicamycin in the liver at 6 months of age to induce acute ER stress show greater steatosis in the entire liver compared to local and partial areas of steatosis in wild-type mice
• mice injected with tunicamycin in the liver at 11 days of age exhibit persistent steatosis and progression of fibrosis while wild-type mice recover fully
|