mortality/aging
• mice die shortly after birth unable to breath
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nervous system
• disrupted formation and maintenance of the pre-Botzinger complex
|
• the respiratory rhythm generator fails to produce rhythmic phrenic bursts unlike in wild-type mice
• electrical shock fails to stimulate phrenic motor neurons unlike in wild-type mice
• medullary stimulation fails to induce phrenic bursts unlike in wild-type mice
• application of acidified artificial cerebrospinal fluid with or without serotonin or norepinephrine or elevated concentrations of potassium fails to induce rhythmic phrenic burst unlike in wild-type mice
• however, medullary stimulation commonly induced brief responses of phrenic motor neurons
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• disrupted formation and maintenance of the pre-Botzinger complex
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respiratory system
N |
• lung development and inflation of alveolar space are normal
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cardiovascular system
N |
• normal heart beat at E18.5
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homeostasis/metabolism