Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• remaining homozygotes die between E14.5 and birth, with none surviving to >P0
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• most homozygotes die at midgestation before E14.5
• however, homozygotes appear normal at E9, showing a regular heartbeat and blood flow in central vessels
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growth/size/body
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• starting from E9.5, homozygotes appear growth-retarded
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cardiovascular system
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• at E8.5, heart morphology is normal
• at E9, both heartbeat and blood flow in central vessels are normal
• at E9.5, major blood vessels including the dorsal aorta and cardinal veins are present, suggesting that initial stages of vasculogenesis are normal
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• at E9.5, little outgrowths of intersomitic vessels are observed
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• at E9.5, vascular remodeling in the embryo proper shows lack of vessel organization
• at E10.5, a significant decrease in the number of major vessels is observed
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• at E9.5, homozygotes show a rudimentary vascular network with no long branches forming in the head and little outgrowths of intersomitic vessels
• at E10.5, fewer large head vessels (>20 um in diameter) and irregular branching are observed
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• at E8.5, the organization of the early vascular plexus is significantly altered in mutant yolk sacs
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• at E10.5, many homozygotes display pericardial effusion
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embryo
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• at E8.5, the organization of the early vascular plexus is significantly altered in mutant yolk sacs
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• starting from E9.5, homozygotes appear growth-retarded
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• at E8.5, the layer of endothelial cells that cover the mesodermal cells of the yolk sac is wider than normal, and the organization of major vessels is delayed
• by E9.5, the yolk sac vasculature is less defined and major vessels are lacking
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• at E10.5, many homozygotes display pericardial effusion
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