mortality/aging
• mice die within minutes of birth
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nervous system
N |
• at E18, the respiratory network in the brain stem, including the rostral ventrolateral medulla and hypoglossal nucleus, and general neuron excitability are normal
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• expression of synaptic proteins, especially presynaptic, is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
• density of asymmetric or type 1 synapses is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
• however, the density of symmetric or type 2 synapses is normal
|
• presynaptic terminals appear to have fewer vesicles than in wild-type mice but variability in vesicle numbers prevented statistically meaningful quantification
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• in the presence of buculline and strychnine, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) frequency is reduced compared to in similarly treated wild-type neurons
• however, sEPSC amplitude is normal
|
• in the presence of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV), spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current (sIPSC) frequency and amplitude are reduced compared to in similarly treated wild-type neurons
• failure rate of evoked IPSC is increased 22-fold compared to in wild-type neurons
• however, evoked IPSC amplitudes in the presence of in the presence of CNQX and APV are normal
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• in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC) is reduced compared to in similarly treated wild-type neurons
• however, mEPSC amplitude and rise- and decay-times are normal
|
• miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) frequency and amplitude are reduced compared to in similarly treated wild-type neurons
• however, mIPSC rise- and decay-times are normal
|
behavior/neurological
• at birth
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• at birth
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homeostasis/metabolism
adipose tissue
• mice exhibit a hump characterized as an enlarged interscapular fat pad not found in wild-type mice
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embryo
cardiovascular system
N |
• heart morphology is normal at birth
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respiratory system
N |
• lung morphology is normal at birth
|