reproductive system
• caput sperm DNA compaction is greater than in wild-type cells while DNA compaction in cauda sperm is less than in wild-type cells
• hydrogen-peroxide treated sperm exhibit an increase in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA fragmentation, compared with similarly treated wild-type sperm
• malondihaldehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation, accumulates twice as much as in wild-type sperm
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• male mice 13 and 16 months produce litters that exhibit increased miscarriage and number of dead pups or aborted fetuses when mated with wild-type females
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cellular
• caput sperm DNA compaction is greater than in wild-type cells while DNA compaction in cauda sperm is less than in wild-type cells
• hydrogen-peroxide treated sperm exhibit an increase in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA fragmentation, compared with similarly treated wild-type sperm
• malondihaldehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation, accumulates twice as much as in wild-type sperm
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