homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• fasting mice show no differences in total plasma cholesterol or HDL-associated plasma cholesterol levels relative to wild-type controls
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• fasting mice show significantly elevated serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels
• excess FFAs are associated with both high density and low-density lipoprotein fractions
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• fasting mice show significantly increased free glycerol levels
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• fasting mice show significantly elevated serum esterified triglyceride (TG) levels
• excess TGs are associated with both high density and low-density lipoprotein fractions
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• fasting mice exhibit a modest increase in basal lipolysis relative to wild-type controls
• both basal and insulin-dependent suppression of lipolysis is impaired
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adipose tissue
• ex vivo, differentiated adipocyte cells show reduced insulin-dependent AKT phosphorylation and a trend toward increased hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation
• epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) isolated from adult male mice shows depressed AKT activation, enhanced HSL phosphorylation, and increased PTEN protein levels relative to wild-type WAT
• however, epididymal WAT appears grossly normal, although the modal adipocyte area size is somewhat decreased
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growth/size/body
N |
• mice fed a high-fat diet at weaning show no differences in initial weight gain relative to HFD-fed wild-type controls
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cardiovascular system
N |
• mice exhibit no major angiogenesis defects
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