mortality/aging
• begin to die around E12.5
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embryo
• at E13.5
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• severely disrupted at E13.5
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• reduction in the internal space of embryonic and maternal blood vessels at E13.5
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• at E13.5
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• at E13.5 trophoblasts display poor ER development
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• expression analysis suggests that ER stress may be increased in the placenta
• placental trophoblasts display reduced proliferation at E13.5
• however, apoptosis of trophoblasts is not different from controls
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• lower embryonic levels of 3 essential fatty acids but not of non essential fatty acids suggests that placental transport is impaired
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growth/size/body
• at E13.5
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cardiovascular system
• reduction in the internal space of embryonic and maternal blood vessels at E13.5
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