mortality/aging
• death by starvation at around 2 months of age
|
behavior/neurological
N |
• motor coordination and balance were largely normal in mutant mice
|
• mutant mice, but not control mice (wild-type littermates), had major difficulties running at higher velocities on a treadmill
• limb coordination in neonatal mice, scored during air-stepping, was markedly different
|
• mutant mice spent less time swimming
|
• showed frequent twitching limb movements rarely observed in controls
|
• swing times (flexion) were increased in all limbs, whereas stance time (extension) was increased in forelimbs
• alternating hindlimb movements were almost absent in mutant mice
• mutant mice may emphasize extension movements, resulting in a longer stride
|
• significantly increased stride length in all limbs of mutant mice
|
craniofacial
malocclusion
(
J:128347
)
nervous system
• decreases in spinal commissural interneuron numbers in mutant mice compared to wild-type at E15
• 58% increase in the number of Wt1+ spinal cord neurons in mutant mice
|
• analysis of central pattern generator output in the isolated neonatal spinal cord using drug-induced fictive locomotion shows that cords from mutant mice have uncoordinated and irregular firing rhythms as well as increased burst and interburst durations compared to control animals
|
reproductive system
• abnormalities in male sexual development
|
skeleton
malocclusion
(
J:128347
)
growth/size/body
malocclusion
(
J:128347
)