mortality/aging
• 4.6-4.7% of expected numbers of double null animals from a parental cross of double heterozygotes are observed at P14; survivors to P14 exhibit a normal lifespan and are fertile
• when double heterozygous mice are bred to double null animals, around 7.6% of expected survivors are observed at P14, suggesting a survival-enhancing modifier transmitted by viable double null mice
• Background Sensitivity: on a 129/Sv background, no viable animals are found at P14, while on a predominantly C57BL/6 background, about 1.4% of expected numbers of double null animals are found
• Background Sensitivity: when animals are backcrossed to outbred ICR mice, animals are observed at 6.4% of expected numbers
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• some embryos display death by late gestation associated with edema; this is one of three partially penetrant phenotypes observed in double null mice
• on the same background, late gestational lethality is observed infrequently in F2rl1-deficient embryos and not in F2r-null embryos
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embryo
spina bifida
(
J:157446
)
• some animals surviving embryonic development display spina bifida (incompletely penetrant phenotype), indicating defective closure of the posterior neuropore
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cardiovascular system
• some mutants exhibit midgestational cardiovascular failure beginning at 9.5 days post coitus; this is one of three partially penetrant phenotypes observed in double null mice
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nervous system
spina bifida
(
J:157446
)
• some animals surviving embryonic development display spina bifida (incompletely penetrant phenotype), indicating defective closure of the posterior neuropore
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exencephaly
(
J:157446
)
• some animals display exencephaly (incompletely penetrant phenotype) by gross inspection at 11.5 days post coitus indicating defective closure of the hindbrain neuropore; this is detected in 47% of embryos from double heterozygous by double null crosses at 9.5 dpc (32% of embryos that have progressed to the 15-somite stage)
• this is one of three partially penetrant phenotypes observed in double null mice
• on the same background, exencephaly is not observed in F2r-null embryos
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homeostasis/metabolism
limbs/digits/tail
curly tail
(
J:157446
)
• some double null animals surviving postnatal exhibit curly tails
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