muscle
• terminal cisternae volume is decreased compared to in wild-type sarcoplasmic reticulum
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• some triads in the extensor digitorum longus exhibit longitudinal or oblique orientation compared with transversal orientation in wild-type mice
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• gastrocnemius muscle volume is increased compared to in wild-type mice without a change in body weight
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• calcium reuptake in muscle cells is slower than in wild-type cells
• in the presence of extracellular calcium, maximal amplitude of calcium release is lower than in similarly treated wild-type cells
• however, muscle energy metabolism is normal
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• single twitches and tetani of extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles are smaller in amplitude than wild-type muscle
• following a series of tetani to induce fatigue, decline in tetanic force is slower than in wild-type muscle
• following a series of tetani to induce fatigue, peak tetanic force undergoes a sudden drop followed by a plateau-like phase early in the run unlike similarly treated wild-type muscle
• through a 6-min stimulation protocol, muscles exhibit a lower isometric force production and larger increase in force to reach maximal levels compared with similarly treated wild-type muscle
• after a 6-min stimulation protocol, muscles exhibit a smaller decrease compared with similarly treated wild-type muscle
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behavior/neurological
• mice exhibit impaired performance in a free walk on a wire stretched between two rods or a hung gripping a cross-wired surface compared with wild-type mice
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growth/size/body
N |
• mice exhibit normal body weight
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