Analysis Tools
integument
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• STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibit significantly increased epidermal innervation of GAP43+ axons in hind paw skin, with a higher axon density than in diabetic wild-type controls, suggesting aberrant intraepidermal sprouting of sensory axons; a retrograde labeling experiment identified the sensory neuronal subtype of aberrant sprouting axons as CGRP+ sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs)
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mortality/aging
| N |
• mice exhibit normal viability at birth
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growth/size/body
| N |
• mice exhibit normal body weights relative to wild-type controls
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behavior/neurological
| N |
• mice show normal anxiety-like behaviors, spontaneous motor activity, and motor-sensory coordination; no sensory dysfunction is detected by measuring mechanical and cold allodynia or thermal hyperalgesia
• after streptozotocin (STZ) administration, diabetic mice exhibit thermal pain levels similar to those in diabetic wild-type controls in the thermal hyperalgesia test
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• starting at 3 weeks after STZ administration, diabetic mice show a significantly lower mechanical pain threshold than diabetic wild-type controls in the von Frey test, indicating aggravated mechanical allodynia
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• at 4 weeks after STZ administration, diabetic mice develop more severe cold allodynia than diabetic wild-type controls in the acetone test
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nervous system
| N |
• at 4 weeks after STZ administration, diabetic mice show normal progression of axon damage in the sciatic nerves, as indicated by the axon degeneration ratio and the g-ratio (an indicator of demyelination); moreover, analysis of PGP9.5+ intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density showed normal epidermal axon loss relative to diabetic wild-type controls
• STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibit normal activation of astrogliosis and microgliosis in the spinal cord and show similar increases in mRNA expression of cytokines related to neuropathic pain
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• STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibit significantly increased epidermal innervation of GAP43+ axons in hind paw skin, with a higher axon density than in diabetic wild-type controls, suggesting aberrant intraepidermal sprouting of sensory axons; a retrograde labeling experiment identified the sensory neuronal subtype of aberrant sprouting axons as CGRP+ sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs)
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homeostasis/metabolism
| N |
• mice exhibit normal glucose metabolism in the glucose challenge test relative to wild-type controls
• after STZ administration, mice show normal progression of STZ-induced diabetes with significantly increased concentrations of blood glucose and decreased body weights, similar to those in diabetic wild-type controls
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