Analysis Tools
skeleton
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• increased osteoclast activity in vivo at 2 month of age as measured by osteoclast surface and mean erosion depth
• increased trend towards osteoclast activity at 6 month of age
• no differences in eroded surface at any age examined
• no differences in osteoclast number or resorptive activity in ex vivo osteoblast-stimulated osteoclast differentiation assays
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• increased humeral widths by 24% at 3 month of age, which is maintained at 9 month of age
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• increased femoral widths by 24% at 3 month of age, which is maintained at 9 month of age
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• changes in bone architecture at 8 month of age
• mature lamellar type
• no haphazard organization of collagen fibers (woven bone)
• normal bone size or dry weight at 17.5 days post coitum or in postnatal animals up to 1 month of age
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• increased numbers of osteoprogenitors in ex vivo cultures of mutant precursors derived from neonatal calvariae or bone-marrow stromal cells
• increased bone nodule numbers, mineralization of bone-forming nodules, and osteogenic colony forming units
• enhanced earlier mineralization at day 18 in differentiation medium
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• increased cortical, trabecular and total bone mineral density in femurs and calvariae at 3 and 9 month of age
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• increased cortical, trabecular and total bone mineral density in femurs at 3 and 9 month of age
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• increased trabecular bone volume in undecalcified femurs at 2, 6, and 11 month of age
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• increased trabecular number in undecalcified femurs at 2, 6, and 11 month of age
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• decreased mean trabecular separation in undecalcified femurs at 2, 6, and 11 month of age
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• increased bone mass at 8 month of age
• increased radio-opacity in distal femurs by X-ray analysis at 8 month of age
• increased cortical, trabecular and total bone area by micro-quantitative computed tomography analysis of combined femur and cranial bone area at 3 and 9 month of age
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• increased osteoid thickness (OTh) at 6 month of age
• increased trend towards OTh at 2 and 11 month of age
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• almost totally ossified femoral epiphyses by 9 month of age
• increased bone formation rate by 41% (at 2 month of age) and 61% (at 7 month of age) by double calcein labeling of bone formation over 7 days
• increased serum levels of osteocalcin, a marker for osteoblastic activity and bone deposition
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limbs/digits/tail
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• increased humeral widths by 24% at 3 month of age, which is maintained at 9 month of age
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• increased femoral widths by 24% at 3 month of age, which is maintained at 9 month of age
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immune system
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• increased osteoclast activity in vivo at 2 month of age as measured by osteoclast surface and mean erosion depth
• increased trend towards osteoclast activity at 6 month of age
• no differences in eroded surface at any age examined
• no differences in osteoclast number or resorptive activity in ex vivo osteoblast-stimulated osteoclast differentiation assays
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cellular
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• increased numbers of osteoprogenitors in ex vivo cultures of mutant precursors derived from neonatal calvariae or bone-marrow stromal cells
• increased bone nodule numbers, mineralization of bone-forming nodules, and osteogenic colony forming units
• enhanced earlier mineralization at day 18 in differentiation medium
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hematopoietic system
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• increased osteoclast activity in vivo at 2 month of age as measured by osteoclast surface and mean erosion depth
• increased trend towards osteoclast activity at 6 month of age
• no differences in eroded surface at any age examined
• no differences in osteoclast number or resorptive activity in ex vivo osteoblast-stimulated osteoclast differentiation assays
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