mortality/aging
• no viable offspring
• homozygotes in an advanced state of resorption at E15.5
|
limbs/digits/tail
• forelimb
• second and third digits
|
polydactyly
(
J:173366
)
• in the hind limbs resulting from bifurcation of proximal phalanges
|
syndactyly
(
J:173366
)
• involving second and third digits of the forelimb
• involving the second and third metatarsals on the left
• involving the second, third, and fourth metatarsals on the right
|
• changes more pronounced in hindlimbs
|
• underdeveloped carpal elements
|
• distal phalanges are absent
|
polyphalangy
(
J:173366
)
• proximal phalange bifurcation in the hind limb
|
• underdeveloped tarsal elements
|
bowed radius
(
J:173366
)
bowed tibia
(
J:173366
)
micromelia
(
J:173366
)
• shortened fore and hind limbs at E14.5
|
short tail
(
J:173366
)
• at E10.5
|
kinked tail
(
J:173366
)
• at E10.5
|
skeleton
micrognathia
(
J:173366
)
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
• changes more pronounced in hindlimbs
|
• underdeveloped carpal elements
|
• distal phalanges are absent
|
polyphalangy
(
J:173366
)
• proximal phalange bifurcation in the hind limb
|
• underdeveloped tarsal elements
|
bowed radius
(
J:173366
)
bowed tibia
(
J:173366
)
synostosis
(
J:173366
)
• of femur and tibia
|
craniofacial
micrognathia
(
J:173366
)
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
cleft palate
(
J:173366
)
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
• shortened or absent
|
short tongue
(
J:173366
)
• shortened or absent
|
• brachycephaly
|
cardiovascular system
• epicardial and myocardial defects
• cell proliferation defects at E12.5 and E14.5
• normal level of apoptosis
|
• at E12.5, E13.5, E14.5
|
• pericardial bleeding seen at E14.5
|
immune system
• nuchal translucency
• highly expanded jugular lymph sac
|
• increased smooth muscle cells surrounding the jugular lymph sac
|
digestive/alimentary system
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
cleft palate
(
J:173366
)
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
• shortened or absent
|
short tongue
(
J:173366
)
• shortened or absent
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• pericardial bleeding seen at E14.5
|
muscle
• increased smooth muscle cells surrounding the jugular lymph sac
|
growth/size/body
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
cleft palate
(
J:173366
)
• absence of palatal shelf cartilage leads to cleft palate
|
• shortened or absent
|
short tongue
(
J:173366
)
• shortened or absent
|
• brachycephaly
|