mortality/aging
• live born homozygotes are recovered at low frequency and die within 15 minutes of birth
• at E18.5, embryos are still alive and are recovered at close to expected frequencies
|
growth/size/body
cleft palate
(
J:214109
)
• E18.5 mutants show cleft palate
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• E13.5 embryos have about 4-fold reduced levels of retinol and retinyl esters but only slightly elevated levels of retinoic acid
|
• retinaldehyde reductase and retinol dehydrogenase activities are decreased by about 4- and 2-fold, respectively, in embryos
|
• embryonic fibroblasts exhibit reduced metabolism of both retinaldehyde and retinol
|
vision/eye
• small eyes at E18.5
|
• unfused eyelids at E18.5
|
digestive/alimentary system
cleft palate
(
J:214109
)
• E18.5 mutants show cleft palate
|
craniofacial
cleft palate
(
J:214109
)
• E18.5 mutants show cleft palate
|