mortality/aging
• some mice die between E12.5 and E15.5
• many mice are dead by E16.5 and non-survive beyond E18.5
• however, L-DOPA treatment beginning at E7.5 improves survival of some mice to E20.5
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• some mice die between E12.5 and E15.5
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nervous system
• minimally at late embryonic stages
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• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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• mice exhibit fewer nascent and mature neurons in the embryonic olfactory epithelium compared with wild-type mice
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taste/olfaction
• at E14.5 and E18.5, the apical layer of proliferative progenitors is thicker than in wild-type mice
• the neuro-basal layer is thinner than in wild-type mice
• at E18.5, the number of apical cells is increased while the number of neuro-basal cells is decreased compared to in wild-type mice
• mice exhibit fewer nascent and mature neurons in the embryonic olfactory epithelium compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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craniofacial
• at E14.5 and E18.5, the apical layer of proliferative progenitors is thicker than in wild-type mice
• the neuro-basal layer is thinner than in wild-type mice
• at E18.5, the number of apical cells is increased while the number of neuro-basal cells is decreased compared to in wild-type mice
• mice exhibit fewer nascent and mature neurons in the embryonic olfactory epithelium compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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respiratory system
• at E14.5 and E18.5, the apical layer of proliferative progenitors is thicker than in wild-type mice
• the neuro-basal layer is thinner than in wild-type mice
• at E18.5, the number of apical cells is increased while the number of neuro-basal cells is decreased compared to in wild-type mice
• mice exhibit fewer nascent and mature neurons in the embryonic olfactory epithelium compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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cellular
• minimally at late embryonic stages
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• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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growth/size/body
• at E14.5 and E18.5, the apical layer of proliferative progenitors is thicker than in wild-type mice
• the neuro-basal layer is thinner than in wild-type mice
• at E18.5, the number of apical cells is increased while the number of neuro-basal cells is decreased compared to in wild-type mice
• mice exhibit fewer nascent and mature neurons in the embryonic olfactory epithelium compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits an increase in apical progenitors and a decrease in basal progenitors compared with wild-type mice
• the embryonic olfactory epithelium exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic progenitors compared to in wild-type mice
• however, olfactory epithelium progenitors exhibit normal numbers of cycling cells, S-phase, and cell cycle length
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