mortality/aging
• embryos die by E11
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cardiovascular system
• at E9.5-10.5, mutants display constricted capillaries or microvascular networks
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craniofacial
• at E9.5, the lateral and medial fronotnasal mesenchyme is considerably reduced resulting in frontonasal shortening
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• at E9.5, the second pharyngeal arch is occasionally absent
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• at E9.5, the second pharyngeal arch is almost always hypoplastic
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embryo
• at E9.5, the second pharyngeal arch is occasionally absent
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• at E9.5, the second pharyngeal arch is almost always hypoplastic
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• at E9.5, mutant embryos are one half to two-thirds the size of control littermates
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• Sox10 positive neural crest cells are observed in the cranial territory prior to ganglia maturation in mutants suggesting that defects occur at the level of neural crest cell differentiation
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growth/size/body
• at E9.5, mutant embryos are one half to two-thirds the size of control littermates
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nervous system
• at E10.5, there is little evidence of neuronal differentiation caudal to the trigeminal ganglion and no evidence of any axonal branching throughout the cranial region
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• Sox10 positive neural crest cells are observed in the cranial territory prior to ganglia maturation in mutants suggesting that defects occur at the level of neural crest cell differentiation
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• E10.5 mutants exhibit a pattern of a single domain of neurofilament or beta-tubulin staining localized to the proximal end of the first pharyngeal arch, probably representing a rudimentary trigeminal ganglion
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