mortality/aging
• embryos die by E11
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cardiovascular system
• at E9.5-10.5, mutants display constricted capillaries or microvascular networks
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• at E9.5-10.5, each of the pharyngeal arch arteries appear thinner or constricted
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craniofacial
• at E9.5-10.5, each of the pharyngeal arch arteries appear thinner or constricted
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• at E10.5, the pharyngeal arches are noticeably reduced in size compared to controls
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• at E9.5, severely hypoplastic second pharyngeal arch, which resembles the third arch in size
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embryo
• at E9.5-10.5, each of the pharyngeal arch arteries appear thinner or constricted
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• at E10.5, the pharyngeal arches are noticeably reduced in size compared to controls
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• at E9.5, severely hypoplastic second pharyngeal arch, which resembles the third arch in size
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• at E9.5, mutant embryos are one half to two-thirds the size of control littermates
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growth/size/body
• at E9.5, mutant embryos are one half to two-thirds the size of control littermates
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nervous system
• at E10.5, mutants exhibit only rudimentary neuronal differentiation within the cranial ganglia and a complete lack of neuronal differentiation within the midbrain
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• at E10.5, ganglia appear reduced and axonal branching of the trigeminal and facial ganglia is lacking
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• at E10.5, the glossopharyngeal ganglion is abnormally fused with the vagal and nerves from this combined ganglion project ectopically towards the facial ganglion
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• in E8.5-9.5 embryos, the trigeminal ganglion is abnormally shaped and the Sox10 positive neural crest cell population within the forming ganglion is disorganized and dispersed rather than forming a tight coalescence as it does in controls
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