mortality/aging
• completely resorbed by E12.5
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embryo
• impaired yolk sac vasculogenesis
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• severe malformations detected from the E7.75 late-gastrulation stage onward
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• do not start the turning process at E8 - E9
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• embryonic endoderm appears expanded instead of being restricted only to the inner lining of the gut
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• the mesoderm germ layer is more compact and reduced in thickness
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• at E10.5
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• lack distinguishable embryonic structures at E10.5
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• the apicobasal polarity of the epiblast is disturbed leading to impaired epithelial to mesenchymal transition at gastrulation
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• formation of the head fold is severely disturbed at E7.75
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• poorly developed
• discontinuous at E8.25
• partially disassembled, lacks sheet like structure and mixes with the mesoderm at E9.5
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• closure does not occur
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• notochord is discontinuous since E7.75, suggesting a defect in notochord formation
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• wider than normal
• failure of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the primitive streak
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• after E7.5 the anterior end of the primitive streak has not shifted proximally, unlike in wild-type embryos
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• development is disturbed at E7.75
• fail to develop well-segmented and patterned somites
• at E9.0 only have a few pre-somite pairs
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• fails to elongate
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• small
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• only some scattered clusters of blood islands are present at E10.5
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• the allantois fuses to the caudal yolk sac region
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cardiovascular system
• impaired yolk sac vasculogenesis
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• absent
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digestive/alimentary system
• at E8 lack the foregut and hindgut diverticulum
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• invagination is disturbed at E7.75
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growth/size/body
• at E10.5
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nervous system
• poorly developed
• discontinuous at E8.25
• partially disassembled, lacks sheet like structure and mixes with the mesoderm at E9.5
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• closure does not occur
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