All Phenotypes Hspa4<tm1Imad> MGI Mouse

• increase in apoptotic spermatocytes at P15, P20, and P25

asthenozoospermia ( J:180915 )

• in infertile males sperm motility and progressive motility are reduced compared to wild-type littermates

• vacuolated tubules in infertile males

small seminiferous tubules ( J:180915 )

• in infertile males most tubules are markedly smaller than those in wild-type controls

decreased testis weight ( J:180915 )

• in infertile males

abnormal spermatogenesis ( J:180915 )

oligozoospermia ( J:180915 )

• in fertile and infertile males compared to wild-type littermates at 5 months of age

abnormal spermatid morphology ( J:180915 )

• in infertile males round and elongated spermatids are absent from most tubules

• in infertile males multinucleated spermatids are frequently seen

abnormal spermatocyte morphology ( J:180915 )

• in infertile males many pachytene spermatocytes have degenerated nuclei

arrest of male meiosis ( J:180915 )

• arrest late in meiotic prophase I stage in infertile males

male infertility ( J:180915 )

• 8 of 13 males failed to sire litters

• however, the remaining 5 males sired litters of normal size

• Background Sensitivity: incidence of infertility decreases in later generations of mice