mortality/aging
• most mice die at weaning due to failure to intake food and water caused by limb defects
|
limbs/digits/tail
• truncated
|
• at E12.5, mesenchymal cells exhibit decreased proliferation compared with wild-type cells
• at E13.5, distal limbs exhibit increased apoptosis compared with wild-type cells
• mice exhibit dysgenesis of limb soft tissue compared with wild-type mice
|
• at E12.5, digit rays fail to extend distally and a continuous ring of distal mesenchyme is retained
|
short limbs
(
J:184918
)
• more severe in forelimbs than hindlimbs
|
cellular
• at E13.5, distal limbs exhibit increased apoptosis compared with wild-type cells
|
• of limb mesenchyme cells at E12.5
|
behavior/neurological
skeleton
• shortened
|
• cartilage hypertrophy delayed
|