Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• number of Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes are similar to controls
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• flimsy or absent outer dense fibers
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• missing central microtubules and hemi-axonemes are present
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• missing central microtubule doublets
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• epididymes from mutant males contain significantly lower sperm counts
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• abnormally shaped spermatid heads
• all sperm in the cauda epididymis have abnormally shaped heads
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• ~30% fewer spermatids (round and elongating) compared to controls
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• mutant spermatids exhibit abnormally constricted perinuclear rings, nuclear distortion and abnormally long microtubules extending into the distal cytoplasm
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• although manchettes eventually resolved, the removal of manchettes was delayed at step 13
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• abnormally constricted perinuclear rings
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• step 13 spermatids have abnormally long manchette microtubules that extend into the cytoplasm and are associated with tubulin-labelled 'clouds'
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• abnormal male meiotic cells appear at metaphase-anaphase; many cells are stalled in late anaphase in mutant males
• reduction in spermatid number is due to a decrease in the number of cells exiting meiosis
• apoptotic cells are present in the stage XII and stage I tubules where final events of meiosis occur
• telophase cells with prominent midbody microtubules are seen in testes from mutant male mice
• binucleated haploid spermatids frequently appear
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• metaphase spindles are more densely populated with microtubules and project from the poles at a wider angle than controls
pole to pole measurements in metaphase spindles are longer than controls
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• very few sperm exhibit forward (progressive) motility
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• all sperm in the cauda epididymis display compromised total motility
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small testis
(
J:185194
)
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• testes from 8-12 week old homozygous mice are 18.7% smaller than controls
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• 36-fold increase in the number of spermatozoa being phagocytosed by Sertoli cells in stages IX-XI tubules
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endocrine/exocrine glands
small testis
(
J:185194
)
|
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• testes from 8-12 week old homozygous mice are 18.7% smaller than controls
|
cellular
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• flimsy or absent outer dense fibers
|
|
|
• missing central microtubules and hemi-axonemes are present
|
|
|
• missing central microtubule doublets
|
|
|
• epididymes from mutant males contain significantly lower sperm counts
|
|
|
• abnormally shaped spermatid heads
• all sperm in the cauda epididymis have abnormally shaped heads
|
|
|
• ~30% fewer spermatids (round and elongating) compared to controls
|
|
|
• mutant spermatids exhibit abnormally constricted perinuclear rings, nuclear distortion and abnormally long microtubules extending into the distal cytoplasm
|
|
|
• although manchettes eventually resolved, the removal of manchettes was delayed at step 13
|
|
|
• abnormally constricted perinuclear rings
|
|
|
• step 13 spermatids have abnormally long manchette microtubules that extend into the cytoplasm and are associated with tubulin-labelled 'clouds'
|
|
|
• abnormal male meiotic cells appear at metaphase-anaphase; many cells are stalled in late anaphase in mutant males
• reduction in spermatid number is due to a decrease in the number of cells exiting meiosis
• apoptotic cells are present in the stage XII and stage I tubules where final events of meiosis occur
• telophase cells with prominent midbody microtubules are seen in testes from mutant male mice
• binucleated haploid spermatids frequently appear
|
|
• metaphase spindles are more densely populated with microtubules and project from the poles at a wider angle than controls
pole to pole measurements in metaphase spindles are longer than controls
|
|
|
• very few sperm exhibit forward (progressive) motility
|
|
|
• all sperm in the cauda epididymis display compromised total motility
|
