nervous system
• dendritic spines are shorter, more numerous and less mature (mushroom and stubby) compared with spines on wild-type neurons
• however, ceramide treatment rescues spine phenotype
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behavior/neurological
• impaired in a Morris water maze with higher escape latency and less time spent in new goal quadrant during reversal testing
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homeostasis/metabolism
• mice exhibit reduced ceramide levels, including C18:0, in the hippocampus compared with wild-type mice
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