reproductive system
• impaired
|
homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• mice exhibit normal feces energy content, glycosuria, metabolic parameters (body temperature and free triiodothyronine or adiponectin serum levels), insulin sensitivity and glucagon levels
|
• in mice fed a high fat diet
• however, mice supplemented with phosphorylated creatine exhibit normal obesity when fed a high fat diet
|
• decreased urine levels of creatine, creatinine and guanidine acetate
|
• in mice fed standard chow
• however, mice supplemented with phosphorylated creatine or fed a high fat diet exhibit normal circulating cholesterol levels
|
• increased glucose clearance through GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue
|
• after pyruvate injection
|
• after glucose challenge, when fed ad libitum or fed a high fat diet
• however, levels are normal under fasted conditions
|
• impaired in the liver
|
• in mice fed standard chow or a high fat diet
|
growth/size/body
N |
• mice supplemented with phosphorylated creatine (Cr) exhibit normal body length, body weight, BMI and body composition
|
• from 4 weeks onward
|
• in mice fed a high fat diet
• however, mice supplemented with phosphorylated creatine exhibit normal obesity when fed a high fat diet
|
adipose tissue
• in mice fed a high fat diet
|
• in the intestinal, subcutaneous and epigonadal white adipose tissue of mice fed a high fat diet
|
• in mice fed standard chow or a high fat diet
|
behavior/neurological
• during the active dark period
|
liver/biliary system
• in mice fed a high fat diet
|
muscle
renal/urinary system
• decreased urine levels of creatine, creatinine and guanidine acetate
|
integument
• in mice fed a high fat diet
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
skeleton
cellular