endocrine/exocrine glands
• significantly reduced in size
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• decrease in islet levels of insulin and glucagon
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homeostasis/metabolism
• in males, insulin sensitivity is similar to controls but blood glucose levels recover more slowly in the later stages of an insulin tolerance test
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• in males after an 8 hour fast
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• in fasting males
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• fasting males have an inefficient insulin response to glucose challenge
• in fasting males blood glucose levels are 1.5- to 1.7-fold higher than those of controls after glucose feeding
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growth/size/body
• weigh about 10% less than littermates at 8 weeks of age
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