mortality/aging
• progressive morbidity necessitates euthanasia
|
reproductive system
• female mice breed poorly
|
digestive/alimentary system
• decreased expression of enteroendocrine cell markers in the antrum
|
• enlarged
|
• enlarged
• 2-fold increase in weight at 24 weeks
|
• maturation defect of chief cells
|
• loss of parietal cells by 16 weeks
|
• thickened in the corpus and antrum
|
• progressive in the corpus and antrum at 6 to 16 weeks
|
• with retention of large amounts of food due to gastric obstruction
• stomach weight is increased 5 times at 18 weeks
|
• reduced mucin production by the small intestine
• increased cell proliferation
|
cellular
• 3.8- and 2.5-fold in the corpus and antrum, respectively
• in the small and large intestine
• however, no increase in proliferation of parietal, pit and chief cell cells
|
growth/size/body
• after 12 weeks of age
|
adipose tissue
• due to poor nutrition
|
hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism
• due to poor nutrition
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• decreased expression of enteroendocrine cell markers in the antrum
|
• maturation defect of chief cells
|
• loss of parietal cells by 16 weeks
|