Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• on a chow diet (CD), both males and females exhibit normal weight gain and fat and lean mass up to ~30 weeks of age
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• mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 45%fat) exhibit a significantly lower body weight gain and fat mass than HFD-fed wild-type mice starting at ~4 weeks and up to 24 weeks after HFD exposure; in fact, HFD-fed mice largely follow growth curves of chow-fed mice, only diverging at ~20 weeks after HFD initiation
• however, no differences in lean mass are observed on a HFD
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homeostasis/metabolism
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N |
• mice fed a CD for 21 weeks show no differences in food intake, energy expenditure or respiratory exchange ratio (RER) relative to CD-fed wild-type controls
• mice fed a CD or a HFD exhibit normal plasma adiponectin levels relative to diet-matched wild-type controls
• no changes in adiponectin secretion are seen in inguinal or epididymal WAT explants derived from chow-fed mice whether in the basal state or after stimulation with insulin plus dexamethasone
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks exhibit significantly lower plasma insulin levels than HFD-fed wild-type controls
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show significantly lower fat mass-adjusted plasma leptin levels than HFD-fed wild-type controls
• however, plasma leptin levels and leptin changes in fasting and refed mice are normal on a CD
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• male mice fed a HFD for 21 weeks show elevated energy expenditure relative to HFD-fed wild-type controls
• however, no differences in food intake, RER, brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight or Ucp1 mRNA expression (in BAT as well as in inguinal and epididymal WAT) are observed on a HFD
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• mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 45%fat) exhibit a significantly lower body weight gain and fat mass than HFD-fed wild-type mice starting at ~4 weeks and up to 24 weeks after HFD exposure; in fact, HFD-fed mice largely follow growth curves of chow-fed mice, only diverging at ~20 weeks after HFD initiation
• however, no differences in lean mass are observed on a HFD
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• mice fed a HFD for 16 weeks show significantly improved glucose tolerance in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (ipGTT) relative to HFD-fed wild-type controls
• however, glucose tolerance is normal on a CD
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• mice fed a HFD for 19 weeks show significantly improved insulin sensitivity in an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ipITT) relative to HFD-fed wild-type controls
• mice fed a HFD for 16 weeks show a significantly lower insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) than HFD-fed wild-type controls
• however, insulin tolerance is normal on a CD
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adipose tissue
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N |
• mice fed a CD have morphologically normal white fat depots for up to 24 weeks of age
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• in culture, stromovascular fraction-derived primary pre-adipocytes from male mice show significantly impaired adipogenesis based on analysis of lipid accumulation and adipocyte gene expression
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show a significantly lower epididymal fat pad weight than HFD-fed wild-type controls
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show a significantly lower inguinal fat pad weight than HFD-fed wild-type controls
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show a significantly lower mesenteric fat pad weight than HFD-fed wild-type controls
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show a significantly lower retroperitoneal fat pad weight than HFD-fed wild-type controls
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• basal leptin secretion is significantly reduced in inguinal and epididymal WAT explants derived from chow-fed mice
• however, leptin secretion in WAT explants is normal after stimulation with insulin plus dexamethasone
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liver/biliary system
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• mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks show a smaller increase in liver weight and a trend towards decreased lipid droplet area in liver samples relative to HFD-fed wild-type controls
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