Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• in the probe trial of the Morris Water Maze, 6 and 9 month old mice spend less time in the goal quadrant and in the goal zone and cross the correct platform position fewer times compared to wild-type mice, indicating impaired memory retention
• however, mice are able to learn the platform position during the acquisition and the reversal training indicating absence of learning deficits
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• 6 month old mice are highly impaired in the two way active avoidance task
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• in the Y-maze, mutants exhibit reduced percentage of alterations at 6 and 9 months of age, indicating impaired working memory
• however exploration is normal as total number of arm entries is similar to wild-type
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• at 6 and 9 months of age, mice show reduced numbers of unprotected head dips indicating increased levels of anxiety
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• at 6 and 9 months of age, mice spend less time in the open sectors, indicating an age-dependent decrease in locomotor and exploratory hyperactivity
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• locomotor and exploratory hyperactivity at 3 months of age in the open field and the zero maze, however this hyperactivity disappears at 6 and 9 months of age
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• mice show increased sensitivity to heat in the hot plate test
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cardiovascular system
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• endothelium-dependent, but not smooth muscle-dependent, vasorelaxation is impaired in basilar and femoral arteries of 15, but not 6, month old mice
• dysfunction of the large intracranial, extracerebral arteries is mediated by reduced nitric oxide bioavailability rather than by cerebral amyloid angiopathy
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muscle
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• endothelium-dependent, but not smooth muscle-dependent, vasorelaxation is impaired in basilar and femoral arteries of 15, but not 6, month old mice
• dysfunction of the large intracranial, extracerebral arteries is mediated by reduced nitric oxide bioavailability rather than by cerebral amyloid angiopathy
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nervous system
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• intracellular punctate deposits of amyloid deposits in cortical and hippocampal neurons are seen already at 3 months of age and they increase with age, showing a maximum level between 7 and 15 months
(J:128080)
• intracellular amyloid beta deposits accumulate outside of the ER
(J:128080)
• increase in beta-amyloid plaque deposition, starting around 7 months with dramatic increases in plaques between 9 and 15 months of age
(J:128080)
• plaques are characterized by distinct morphology with intensely stained cores surrounded by less dense material and are surrounded by reactive astrocytes and mircoglia
(J:128080)
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• mice develop congophilic cerebral beta-amyloid angiopathy, showing beta-amyloid deposits along blood vessel walls accompanied by astrocytosis
(J:128080)
• vascular beta-amyloid deposits are spread from the walls over long distances into the adjacent brain parenchyma
(J:128080)
• cerebral microbleeds become apparent within 9 months of age and are seen in 71% of mice at 18 months of age compared to 20% of wild-type mice at 21 months of age
(J:203724)
• cerebral microbleeds are predominately observed in the cortex, olfactory bulb and in the hippocampus
(J:203724)
• parenchymal capillaries, arterioles, and arteries show abundant cerebral amyloid angiopathy
(J:239408)
• however, no cerebral amyloid angiopathy or changes in endothelial morphology are seen in the basilar and femoral artery
(J:239408)
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• intracellular punctate deposits of amyloid deposits in cortical and hippocampal neurons are seen already at 3 months of age and they increase with age, showing a maximum level between 7 and 15 months
(J:128080)
• intracellular amyloid beta deposits accumulate outside of the ER
(J:128080)
• increase in beta-amyloid plaque deposition, starting around 7 months with dramatic increases in plaques between 9 and 15 months of age
(J:128080)
• plaques are characterized by distinct morphology with intensely stained cores surrounded by less dense material and are surrounded by reactive astrocytes and mircoglia
(J:128080)
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• mice develop congophilic cerebral beta-amyloid angiopathy, showing beta-amyloid deposits along blood vessel walls accompanied by astrocytosis
(J:128080)
• vascular beta-amyloid deposits are spread from the walls over long distances into the adjacent brain parenchyma
(J:128080)
• cerebral microbleeds become apparent within 9 months of age and are seen in 71% of mice at 18 months of age compared to 20% of wild-type mice at 21 months of age
(J:203724)
• cerebral microbleeds are predominately observed in the cortex, olfactory bulb and in the hippocampus
(J:203724)
• parenchymal capillaries, arterioles, and arteries show abundant cerebral amyloid angiopathy
(J:239408)
• however, no cerebral amyloid angiopathy or changes in endothelial morphology are seen in the basilar and femoral artery
(J:239408)
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• levels of cyclic GMP are reduced in brain sections containing the basilar artery, indicating a reduced nitric oxide bioavailablity
• however, no differences in oxidative stress are seen in the basilar artery
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| Alzheimer's disease | DOID:10652 | J:239408 | ||
| cerebral amyloid angiopathy | DOID:9246 | J:203724 | ||
