reproductive system
N |
• no gross abnormalities in testis and epididymis histology or weight
• spermatogenesis appears normal
|
• disruption of the microtubule structure with disintegration of the 9+2 arrangement in sperm present in the cauda
|
• sperm appear more fragile with significantly higher numbers of headless tails detected when sperm suspension is dropped onto a glass slide
|
• precocious sperm capacitation
|
• binding of sperm to zona pellucida of oocytes is impaired
|
• significant increase in intracellular calcium concentration
|
• obvious and significantly lower percentage of progressive sperm motility both before and after capacitation induction
|
• significantly lower percentage of total sperm motility both before and after capacitation induction
|
• at 90 minutes after capacitation twice as many acrosome reacted sperm are present compared to wild-type controls
|
• significant increase in the percent of sperm undergoing spontaneous, premature acrosome reaction
|
integument
• pale tail as a result of the presence of the Agouti transgene
|
immune system
N |
• despite the antimicrobial function of defensins, mice do not display an increase in their inflammatory profiles under normal housing conditions
|
pigmentation
• pale tail as a result of the presence of the Agouti transgene
|
limbs/digits/tail
• pale tail as a result of the presence of the Agouti transgene
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• significant increase in intracellular calcium concentration in sperm
|
cellular
• disruption of the microtubule structure with disintegration of the 9+2 arrangement in sperm present in the cauda
|
• sperm appear more fragile with significantly higher numbers of headless tails detected when sperm suspension is dropped onto a glass slide
|
• obvious and significantly lower percentage of progressive sperm motility both before and after capacitation induction
|
• significantly lower percentage of total sperm motility both before and after capacitation induction
|