mortality/aging
• in mice exposed to combined stresses of cold and fasting at 2 months
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cardiovascular system
• abnormal heart histology at 6 months
• decreased heart ATP content at baseline and with high workload in response to dobutamine challenge
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• frequent vacuolations
• however, cardiomyocytes exhibit normal fat accumulation and mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative function
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• at 6 months
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• increased left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions at 6, but not 3, months
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• at 6, but not 3, months
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• isolated hearts exhibit reduced systolic and diastolic function compared with control hearts
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• at 6 months
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• decreased left ventricular fractional shortening at 6 months
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• severe in cold-exposed fasted mice
• however, rewarming rescues and recovers heart rate and function
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homeostasis/metabolism
• cold-exposed fasted mice exhibit lethargy, increased lethality, reduced respiratory exchange ratio, decreased body temperature, decreased circulating glucose and decreased heart rate and function compared with control mice
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• after 60 minutes of cold exposure and fasting
• however, glucose levels are normal prior to cold exposure
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• after 45 minutes of cold exposure and fasting
• however, body temperature prior to cold exposure is normal
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• in cold-exposed fasted mice
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behavior/neurological
muscle
• frequent vacuolations
• however, cardiomyocytes exhibit normal fat accumulation and mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative function
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• at 6 months
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• decreased left ventricular fractional shortening at 6 months
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growth/size/body
• at 6 months
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