Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
|
• high penetrance of over-grooming that results in whisker, face, and sometimes body hair loss but rarely lesions
• excessive grooming is apparent before weaning
• parents treated with the D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol via slow-release pellets show a reduction in their own grooming and do not overgroom their pups
• however, mice show normal locomotion, behavior in open field, elevated plus maze, and marble burying tests
|
|
• elevation of startle responses and abnormal PPI indexes
• mice treated with indiplon show restoration of the startle response
|
|
• mice exhibit mild epileptiform-like activity under deep anaesthesia that is not seen in controls
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
• mice show an increase in peak extracellular dopamine concentration, especially with multiple pulse stimulation, that is more pronounced in the nucleus accumbens than in the caudate putamen
• evoked peak extracellular dopamine concentration is enhanced evenly across frequencies varying from 5 to 100 Hz
• maximum dopamine uptake rates are somewhat higher in mutants, however excitability of dopaminergic neurons is unaffected
|
nervous system
|
• mice exhibit mild epileptiform-like activity under deep anaesthesia that is not seen in controls
|
|
• inhibitory synapses exhibit a widening of the synaptic cleft and a shorter inhibitory postsynaptic density
• excitatory synapses exhibit a significant but milder widening of the synaptic cleft and no difference in excitatory postsynaptic density length
|
|
• inhibitory synapses exhibit a widening of the synaptic cleft and a shorter inhibitory postsynaptic density
|
|
• paired-cell recordings between parvalbumin-positive GaBAergic basket cells and excitatory cells show reduced IPSC amplitude, prolonged kinetics, with longer rise-times and decay tau, and a marginal increase in the average latency of the IPSCs and larger between-trials variability
• mice treated with indiplon, a specific positive allosteric modulator for GABA(A) receptors show enhanced spontaneous IPSCs from layer 2/3 cortical pyramidal cells
|
|
• spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) in pyramidal cells are fewer, smaller, and slower
|
|
• abnormal PPI indexes
• indiplon treatment does not affect PPI
|
