mortality/aging
• complete lethality at the preimplantation stage
• 57.7% of embryos are arrested or degenerated before reaching the blastocyst stage and only 3.8% of the blastocysts hatch
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embryo
• embryoid bodies show disorganization of the germ layers and a reduction in the endoderm-specific markers and an increase in the expression of neural crest inducers
• however, embryonic stem cells survive and proliferate normally into the neural lineage in vitro
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