mortality/aging
• some offspring from intercrosses of homozygous mice die within 48 hours
|
• fewer than the expected numbers (only 7% vs. the expected 25%) of homozygotes are seen
• fewer females are seen than males (2 of 8 were female)
|
reproductive system
• intercrosses of homozygotes result in an average of 1.0 pup per litter
|
skeleton
• skeletons of newborns are shorter
|
• newborns exhibit thinner craniums
• however, no difference in cranium size is seen in 40-51 week old mutants
|
• thinner frontal bone in newborns
|
• newborns exhibit less calcification in the mandible
• however, no differences in mandible are seen in 40-51 week old mutants
|
• newborns exhibit less calcification in incisive bones and cranial incisors
• however, these differences are no longer seen in 40-51 week old mice
|
bowed radius
(
J:215966
)
• radius is often severely bent in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
|
bowed ulna
(
J:215966
)
• ulna is often severely bent in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
|
bowed tibia
(
J:215966
)
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
• trabecular bones of the tibia do not differ from controls
• tibia is often severely bent in newborns
|
• clavicles are bent, often severely, in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious is adults
|
• smaller clavicles in newborns
|
• long bones are about 15-25% shorter in newborns, with both the metaphysis and diaphysis reduced in length
• long bones are 4-12% shorter in 40 to 51 week old mutants
|
• smaller iliac bodies in newborns
• iliac bodies are bent, often severely, in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious is adults
|
craniofacial
• newborns exhibit thinner craniums
• however, no difference in cranium size is seen in 40-51 week old mutants
|
• thinner frontal bone in newborns
|
• newborns exhibit less calcification in the mandible
• however, no differences in mandible are seen in 40-51 week old mutants
|
• newborns exhibit less calcification in incisive bones and cranial incisors
• however, these differences are no longer seen in 40-51 week old mice
|
limbs/digits/tail
bowed radius
(
J:215966
)
• radius is often severely bent in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
|
bowed ulna
(
J:215966
)
• ulna is often severely bent in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
|
bowed tibia
(
J:215966
)
• tibia is often severely bent in newborns
• however, this bending is no longer obvious in adults
• trabecular bones of the tibia do not differ from controls
|