homeostasis/metabolism
• mice that undergo corneal alkaline burn exhibit impaired wound healing with uncontrolled inflammatory response that is seen as early as 2 days after injury, and show epithelial defects, stromal keratocyte transactivation, central ulceration with degraded stroma, enhanced macrophage and monocyte infiltration, and increased keratocyte differentiation
• by day 22 after corneal injury, mutants show irregularity of the epithelium, inflammation and stromal edema unlike wild-type mice which show proper healing
• injured corneas show delayed epithelial closure
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cardiovascular system
• plugs from mice injected subcutaneously with Matrigel plugs containing VEGF show a 44% increase in the amount of hemoglobin compared to wild-type plugs, indicating enhanced angiogenesis
• in an ex vivo ring assay, mutant aortas exhibit an increased number of sprouts with longer and more branched extensions, indicating accelerated angiogenesis ex vivo
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• 22 days after corneal alkaline burn, most mice develop corneal neovascularization; an increase in neovascularization can be seen as early as 7 days after wounding
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immune system
• mice that undergo corneal alkaline burn exhibit impaired wound healing with uncontrolled inflammatory response that is seen as early as 2 days after injury
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