growth/size/body
• at 3 months of age, mutant mice tend to have a lower body weight than wild-type controls
• however, when fed on HFD or HCD for 22 weeks, mutant mice eventually reach similar body weights to wild-type controls
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behavior/neurological
N |
• mutant mice are viable and fertile and show no detectable differences in a number of morphological, neurological, behavioral assays relative to wild-type controls
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• i.p. injection of insulin-like peptide 5 (Insl5), a newly identified orexigenic gastrointestinal hormone, at a concentration of 1000 ng/25g, fails to increase food intake in nonfasted mutant mice, unlike in similarly-treated wild-type controls
• i.v. injection of anti-Insl5 antibody in overnight-fasted mutant mice fails to reduce food intake over the following 24-h period, unlike in similarly-treated wild-type controls
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• overnight-fasted mutant mice presented with a choice of a HFD (high-fat diet) and a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) exhibit shorter meal durations than wild-type controls; this is particularly pronounced for HFD
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• overnight-fasted mutant mice presented with a choice of a HFD and a HCD, offered in parallel, appear to lose the preference for HFD seen in wild-type controls
• when fasted overnight before being offered only a HFD for the first 24 hrs, and then an additional choice of HCD for a further 2 days, mutant mice consume less HFD than wild-type controls throughout the 3-day observation period
• when additionally offered HCD, the cumulative combined intake of both diets remains lower in mutant mice, although they eventually consume more HCD than wild-type controls
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adipose tissue
• at 11 weeks of age, mutant mice fed on a chow diet exhibit a significantly reduced fat content relative to wild-type controls, as shown by NMR
spectroscopy
• however, no significant differences in body weight or lean mass are observed
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• ex vivo, 11-week-old mutant mice fed on a chow diet have significantly smaller gonadal fat pad masses than wild-type controls
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• ex vivo, 11-week-old mutant mice fed on a chow diet have significantly smaller inguinal fat pad masses than wild-type controls
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• mutant mice exhibit no detectable differences in clinical chemistry, hematology or glucose metabolism relative to wild-type controls
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