nervous system
N |
• homozygotes show normal gross hippocampus and cortex morphology
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• juvenile homozygotes show decreased dendritic arborization in CA1 pyramidal cells
• however, no structural modification of the dendritic tree is noted in adulthood
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• juvenile homozygotes display an altered spine-type distribution in CA1 pyramidal cells, with fewer thin spines and more filopodia-like structures, indicating a more immature state of the dendritic tree
• however, no difference in spine structure is noted in adulthood
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• juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes exhibit reduced basal excitatory synaptic transmission relative to wild-type controls
• however, juvenile presynaptic function is unaffected, as shown by normal dendritic spine density in CA1 pyramidal cells, and no significant changes in paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) or short-term plasticity
• adult homozygotes show no differences in synaptic function or structure relative to wild-type controls
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• the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs recorded in CA1 pyramidal cells voltage clamped at -70 mV is reduced in acute hippocampal slices from juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes relative to that seen in wild-type slices
• no significant change in the amplitudes of spontaneous EPSCs is observed in juvenile homozygotes
• adult homozygotes exhibit normal basal synaptic transmission, as shown in recordings of spontaneous EPSC amplitude and frequency
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• juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes exhibit a slowing in the decay kinetics of the NMDA but not the AMPA receptor-mediated responses
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• evoked synaptic activity induced by Schaffer collateral stimulation is decreased in field recordings of CA1 pyramidal cells from juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes relative to wild-type controls
• the input/output curve obtained from field recordings showed a significant decrease in EPSP slope
• data normalized to the amplitude of the input volley confirmed a significant decrease in the fEPSP
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• juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes exhibit increased levels of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptors relative to wild-type controls
• evoked AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated responses recorded in the same CA1 pyramidal cell at -70 mV (inward currents) and at +30 mV (outward currents) revealed that the AMPA/NMDA response ratio is lower than in wild-type controls
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• juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes exhibit a slowing in the decay kinetics of the NMDA but not the AMPA receptor-mediated responses
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• juvenile (P15-P21) homozygotes show enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTP at Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses
• LTP in CA1 pyramidal cells elicited by HFS (100 Hz) of Schaffer collaterals is greater in mutant than in wild-type slices
• a similar enhancement is noted for LTP induced by TBS
• LTP enhancement is prevented in the presence of an antagonist for GluN2B subunit-containing NMDARs; in contrast, the increased LTP observed in mutant slices persists after blocking GluN2A subunit-containing NMDA receptors
• paired-pulse analysis revealed that presynaptic release properties are not altered after LTP induction
• LTD at Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses induced by LFS is normal
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behavior/neurological
N |
• homozygotes are viable and fertile and do not display any overt behavioral phenotypes
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