cellular
• mice show increased levels of LC3I and LC3II and mice treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal protein degradation show a lower accumulatio of LC3II indicating reduced autophagy flux in muscle
• streptozotocin-treated mice show a blunted reduction in LC3I levels indicating reduced autophagy
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growth/size/body
• increase in lean tissue volume
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• 4 month old mice show no difference in glycemia and they respond normally in a glucose tolerance test
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• mice show increased levels of LC3I and LC3II and mice treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal protein degradation show a lower accumulatio of LC3II indicating reduced autophagy flux in muscle
• streptozotocin-treated mice show a blunted reduction in LC3I levels indicating reduced autophagy
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• streptozotocin-treated mice show less muscle loss and a blunted reduction in LC3I levels indicating reduced autophagy
• however, mice show no differences from wild-type mice in the regeneration of cardiotoxin-induced muscle damage
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muscle
• mice show less muscle loss upon induction of diabetes with streptozotocin than wild-type mice indicating partial protection of muscle wasting induced by diabetes
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• increase in cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, with an increase in area of type IIb, IIx, and IIa myofibers from tibialis anterior muscles
• however, no histological abnormalities or changes in fiber-type composition are seen and mitochondrial content and functionality are normal in myofibers
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• mice show increased tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and quadriceps muscle weights
• however, no changes in body weight or food intake are seen
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