mortality/aging
• homozygotes die between E9.5 and E10.5
• all homozygotes are dead at E10.5
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growth/size/body
• at E9.5, homozygotes display various stages of growth retardation and wasting
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embryo
• although early yolk sac vessels develop normally up to E8.5, erythrocyte content, vessel wall thickness, and number of alpha-SMA expressing cells are reduced at E9.5
• by E10.5, mutant yolk sacs exhibit depletion of erythrocytes, a reduced number of alpha-SMA positive cells, thin-walled capillaries, and partial detachment of mesodermal from endodermal layer, unlike wild-type controls
• no intact blood filled vessels are detected in mutant yolk sac en face preparations at E10.5
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• at E9.5, homozygotes display various stages of growth retardation and wasting
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• at E10.5, mutant yolk sacs exhibit a low number of alpha-smooth-muscle-actin (alpha-SMA) positive cells and partial separation of mesodermal from endodermal layer
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homeostasis/metabolism
• a plasma clotting assay revealed that no measurable procoagulant activity is detected in mutant E9.5 whole embryos
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hematopoietic system
• at E9.5, erythrocyte content is reduced in mutant yolk sacs
• by E10.5, mutant yolk sac vessels lack erythrocytes
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cardiovascular system
• although early yolk sac vessels develop normally up to E8.5, erythrocyte content, vessel wall thickness, and number of alpha-SMA expressing cells are reduced at E9.5
• by E10.5, mutant yolk sacs exhibit depletion of erythrocytes, a reduced number of alpha-SMA positive cells, thin-walled capillaries, and partial detachment of mesodermal from endodermal layer, unlike wild-type controls
• no intact blood filled vessels are detected in mutant yolk sac en face preparations at E10.5
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