nervous system
N |
• mice show no defects in early postnatal cortical or hippocampal development
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• at 5 days in vitro (DIV), primary hippocampal and cortical neurons show significantly reduced axonal growth relative to wild-type controls
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• at 5 days in vitro (DIV), primary hippocampal and cortical neurons show significantly reduced dendritic growth relative to wild-type controls
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• primary hippocampal neurons exhibit a significant recycling deficit during stimulation
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• mice show impaired endocytosis and an enlarged endosomal compartment in neurons with a decrease in spontaneous neurotransmission
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• in the presence of tetrodotoxin (to block spontaneous action potentials), primary hippocampal neurons show a ~3-fold reduction in mEPSC frequency relative to wild-type neurons, with no marked effects on the distribution of the current amplitude
• excitatory synaptic density is normal in primary hippocampal neurons
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cellular
• after arsenite treatment, primary hippocampal and cortical neurons show an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress-induced cell death relative to wild-type controls, as quantified by cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining
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• at 5 days in vitro (DIV), primary hippocampal and cortical neurons show significantly reduced axonal growth relative to wild-type controls
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• following a long stimulation (300 APs at 10 Hz), post-stimulus decay traces show a significantly slower time course of endocytosis in primary hippocampal neurons relative to wild-type controls
• data acquired in the absence or presence of folimycin show a >3-fold reduction in endocytic rate and a 4- to 5-fold reduction in magnitude of endocytosis during delivery of 300 pulses
• TEM analysis of nerve terminals revealed a normal density of both total and docked synaptic vesicle (SVs) with a significant increase in the density of endosomal-like structures in primary cortical neurons
• 3D reconstructions of nerve terminals show that while the number of total SVs, docked SVs and endosome-like structures are normal, a 3-fold increase in the endosomal volume is observed
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growth/size/body
N |
• mice show normal growth patterns (weight gain) during early postnatal development
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behavior/neurological
N |
• mice show normal early postnatal activity, with no significant alterations in the righting-reflex response, negative geotaxis reflex, locomotor posture or locomotor activity relative to wild-type controls
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hearing/vestibular/ear
N |
• mice show normal ABR thresholds with no detectable disorganization or loss of the cochlea hair cell bundles, indicating normal auditory function
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