reproductive system
• underdeveloped
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• in the pituitary
|
• in the pituitary
|
• in the pituitary
|
• in the pituitary
|
• in the pituitary
|
behavior/neurological
N |
• mice exhibit normal preference for sucrose, saccharine and quinine solutions and normal daily fluid intake
|
• increased ataxia and loss of righting reflex
• however, peak or time course of blood and brain alcohol levels are normal
|
• mice exhibit increased alcohol seeking behavior and slower decreased desire for alcohol as they consume in an operant self-administration system compared with wild-type mice
|
nervous system
• nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons exhibit increased tonic inhibition compared with wild-type cells
|
• nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons exhibit reduced miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) frequency and prolonged decay time but increased mIPSC amplitude compared to in wild-type cells
|
• in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons
|
• in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons
|
growth/size/body
• more pronounced than in Gabrb1m2Qnma heterozygotes
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• underdeveloped
|