behavior/neurological
• by the 6th week of age, mutants develop spontaneous convulsive seizures
• two types of spontaneous seizures are seen: 1) bilaterally generalized electrographic episodes with high voltage, rhythmic spiking, and slower poly-spike/waves, terminating with minimal postictal depression and 2) seizure consisting of wild running fits, involving convulsive tonic and clonic movements of all limbs and trunk, with absent minimal cortical discharge
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• auditory stimulation (22.5 kHz for 10 s) induces seizures in mutants when they reach 6 weeks of age
• treatment with retigabine prevents auditory induced seizures
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cardiovascular system
• electrocardiogram recordings indicate episodes of severe prolonged bradycardia
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• mice develop high-degree AV conduction blocks and AV dissociation prior to lethal asystole
• during the interictal periods between seizures, mutants display longer AV block durations and higher frequency of blocks
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mortality/aging
• sudden death at 6-8 weeks postpartum with 100% penetrance
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nervous system
• by the 6th week of age, mutants develop spontaneous convulsive seizures
• two types of spontaneous seizures are seen: 1) bilaterally generalized electrographic episodes with high voltage, rhythmic spiking, and slower poly-spike/waves, terminating with minimal postictal depression and 2) seizure consisting of wild running fits, involving convulsive tonic and clonic movements of all limbs and trunk, with absent minimal cortical discharge
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• auditory stimulation (22.5 kHz for 10 s) induces seizures in mutants when they reach 6 weeks of age
• treatment with retigabine prevents auditory induced seizures
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• increasing the extracellular potassium concentration induces a higher discharge rate in hippocampal slices, indicating hyperexcitability in hippocampal neurons
• spontaneous firing and the firing rate evoked by current injection in CA3 neurons is higher than in wild-type neurons and a repetitive burst behavior is triggered by mossy fiber stimulation in CA3 neurons that is not in controls
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• hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings show low-amplitude desynchronized cortical EEG activity and frequent bilateral interictal spike discharges
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• neurons exhibit a less negative resting membrane potential
• the amplitude of whole-cell potassium currents of CA3 pyramidal neurons is reduced in hippocampal neurons
• hippocampal neurons show diminished M-currents conducted by Kv7 channels, contributing to the more positive resting membrane potential and hyperexcitability of hippocampal neurons
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