cellular
• cytoplasm found around the acrosome and neck of sperm
• excess cytoplasm in the midpiece
• expanded subacrosomal space often observed
|
• 15% of sperm are acephalic
|
• elongated spermatids persist
|
• impaired mobility of those sperm produced
|
mortality/aging
• born at expected ratios
• about half dead by weaning
• mortality is normal after weaning
• survivors are healthy in adulthood
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growth/size/body
• surviving mice are smaller in size than controls
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• body weight at weaning is significantly less than controls
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behavior/neurological
N |
• pups nurse normally
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immune system
N |
• B cell development is normal
• secretion of immunoglobulins is normal
|
reproductive system
• cytoplasm found around the acrosome and neck of sperm
• excess cytoplasm in the midpiece
• expanded subacrosomal space often observed
|
• 15% of sperm are acephalic
|
• elongated spermatids persist
|
• impaired mobility of those sperm produced
|
• significantly fewer sperm in the epididymis
|
• vaginal plugs are produced in females
• male mice are sterile
|
• unable to fertilize eggs in vitro or fertilized eggs never reach the morula stage
|