behavior/neurological
• mice exhibit an increased duration of immobility in tail suspension test; treatment with anti-depressant imipramine decreases duration of immobility
• however, performance in forced swim and sucrose intake tests is similar to wild-type
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• under constant light, behavioral period is longer than wild-type Tg(PER3)L474Ljp mice
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• under 4 hr light/20 hr dark mice exhibit a 4 hour phase delay in activity onset and offset time as compared to all controls
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• mice spend more time awake in dark phase relative to wild-type mice
• however, sleep depth and homeostasis is not altered and, under constant dark, sleep amount is not altered
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• mice exhibit less non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in dark phase
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• mice exhibit less rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in light phase
• shorter average length of REM sleep episodes in both light and dark phases
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