adipose tissue
• reduced numbers of adipogenic progenitor and preadipocyte populations
• adipose tissue stromal cells differentiate into mature adipocytes at a lower rate than controls
• cultured adipogenic progenitors from epidermal WAT have a reduced proliferative capacity as measured by BrdU incorporation
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• decreased number of mature adipocytes in epidermal white adipose tissue
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• decreased body fat index as compared to wild-type
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• reduction in white adipose tissue mass both as total mass and a percentage of body weight
• Fat pads from epidermal (EWAT), knee (KWAT), inguinal (IWAT) and retoperitoneal (RWAT) white adipose tissue are smaller as compared to controls
• brown adipose tissue is not significantly affected
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• cultured adipogenic progenitors from epidermal WAT have a reduced proliferative capacity as measured by BrdU incorporation
• MEFs exhibit impaired cell proliferation under normal growth conditions and in response to fetal calf serum
• higher extracellular acidification (glycolysis) rate is observed in epidermal WAT
• increase in total oxygen consumption in epidermal WAT as compared to wild-type
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behavior/neurological
• mice exhibit higher total activity
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cellular
• reduced numbers of adipogenic progenitor and preadipocyte populations
• adipose tissue stromal cells differentiate into mature adipocytes at a lower rate than controls
• cultured adipogenic progenitors from epidermal WAT have a reduced proliferative capacity as measured by BrdU incorporation
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growth/size/body
• decreased body weight beginning at 8 weeks of age on normal chow diet
• no difference in body length or food consumption is observed
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• mice gain less weigh and have less adiposity than wild-type on high fat diet despite eating the same amount of food
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homeostasis/metabolism
• mice gain less weigh and have less adiposity than wild-type on high fat diet despite eating the same amount of food
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• increase in total oxygen consumption in epidermal WAT as compared to wild-type
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• respiratory exchange rate from epidermal WAT is higher than controls, especially at the end of the light cycle
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• higher extracellular acidification (glycolysis) rate is observed in epidermal WAT
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• mice gain less weight, maintain normal glucose homeostasis and have less adiposity than wild-type on high fat diet
• mice do not develop glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, fatty liver, inflammation or adipocyte hypertrophy
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