All Phenotypes Hint2<tm1.1Geno> MGI Mouse

abnormal retroperitoneal fat pad morphology ( J:237329 )

• mice accumulate a greater amount of retroperitoneal fat

abnormal hepatocyte mitochondrial morphology ( J:237329 )

• liver mitochondria shows clustered and occasionally fused organelles at 50 weeks

abnormal mitochondrial physiology ( J:237329 )

• succinate-linked state 3 respiration is decreased by 44% and pyruvate-linked respiration is decreased by 35%

abnormal respiratory electron transport chain ( J:237329 )

• the activity of the linked complex II-III is reduced by 60% in liver mitochondria

• content of total coenzyme Q is lower in livers

oxidative stress ( J:237329 )

• hepatocytes produce a 1.5-fold higher level of reactive oxygen species

decreased insulin secretion ( J:237329 )

• insulin secretion is lower after a 16 hour fast followed by a glucose load

increased body weight ( J:237329 )

• mice weigh 26% more than wild-type mice at 20 weeks of age

increased liver weight ( J:237329 )

• liver weights are slightly higher at 10 and 20 weeks of age

decreased insulin secretion ( J:237329 )

• insulin secretion is lower after a 16 hour fast followed by a glucose load

decreased circulating glucagon level ( J:237329 )

• 2 hours after the insulin tolerance test, glucagon levels are lower

increased circulating corticosterone level ( J:237329 )

• 2 hours after the insulin tolerance test, corticosterone levels are higher

• corticosterone plasma levels are higher in fed mice and increase further after fasting

increased circulating insulin level ( J:237329 )

• non-fasting interprandial insulin concentrations are increased 2-fold at 20 and 30 weeks of age

increased circulating leptin level ( J:237329 )

• plasma leptin is higher at 20 weeks of age

increased circulating cholesterol level ( J:237329 )

• total cholesterol is slightly higher at 10 and 20 weeks of age

decreased circulating triglyceride level ( J:237329 )

• plasma triglyceride concentrations are lower only at 30 weeks of age

increased circulating alanine transaminase level ( J:237329 )

increased circulating serum albumin level ( J:237329 )

• albumin concentrations are increased slightly at 30 weeks of age

abnormal body temperature homeostasis ( J:237329 )

• mutants show a significant lowering of body temperature in response to fasting, suggesting a reduction in basal metabolic energy

decreased noradrenaline level ( J:237329 )

• noradrenaline levels are lower 2 hours after the insulin tolerance test

impaired glucose tolerance ( J:237329 )

• glucose tolerance test showed higher glucose levels

• however, random interprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose are normal

increased insulin sensitivity ( J:237329 )

• in the insulin tolerance test, mutants remain hypoglycemic at 90 minutes after similar initial fall in blood glucose as in wild-type mice instead of becoming euglycemic

• mice are more vulnerable to repeated challenges of insulin-inducing hypoglycemia

increased adiponectin level ( J:237329 )

• plasma adiponectin levels are slightly higher at 10, 20 and 30 weeks of age

increased liver triglyceride level ( J:237329 )

• increase in liver triglycerides at 30 weeks

abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity ( J:237329 )

• glutamate dehydrogenase activity is decreased by 60% in livers

abnormal liver morphology ( J:237329 )

• liver mitochondria appears clustered and occasionally fused at 50 weeks